D489 Transect 19 Mostly mud (sparse epifauna/urchins), Psolus encrusted cobbles/boulders, and carbonate terraces, some Lophelia colonies and escarpment community on overhangs, encrusting globose sponge patches. Features of interest: escarpment Water Depth: 781-650 m
Highlights: Brisingid starfish Bolocera anemone
This dive follows the escarpment feature for approximately 200 m before moving southwest and moving up slope again. The seafloor is initially that of soft sediment with the only obvious fauna consisting of the echinoid cf. Calveriosoma fenestratum.
Moving up slope the substrate gradually transitions to become coarser with pebbles, stones and boulders more prevalent. The carbonate escarpment contains various sized overhangs and the carbonate sediment appears to contain bore holes in some places. The holothurian Psolus squamatus is common on stones and in some places is very dense. Serpulid worms and encrusting sponges are common on stones and rocks. Dropstones are present on the carbonate terrace. Lepidion eques and the blackbelly rosefish are common thorough out, with occasional occurrence of hormathiid anemones.
START VIDEO A [00:00:00]/12:24 [1] The transect starts on an extended area of relatively flat mud/sand with rare burrows and sparse urchins. [00:13:40] [2] This area sees an abundance of Cidaris cidaris in particular before again at [00:14:30] [3] becoming mixed and sparse urchins with little epifauna. here there are many fish species encountered, often small in size/juvenile, including two leafscale gulper shark (Centrophorus squamosus). [00:33:00] ROV makes a slight right turn then [00:34:00] starts moving diagonally right. [00:36:00] moves forward, 37 moves diagonally left. [00:38:00] forward. [00:59:00] [4] The bottom of the escarpment feature presents with cobbles and boulders sparsely encrusted and dominanted by Psolus squamatus (although these are sparse at first), there are also several Bolocera tuediae anemones here, with more encountered throughout the dive. [01:03:00] one large boulder in the cobble/boulder field is dominated by barnacles, those surrounding hosting P. squamatus. [01:12:00] carbonate crust with sand veneer, presenting as a slope with crust layers, cobbles/boulders continue with P. squamatus. [01:15:00] start moving right. [01:24:00]-[01:25:00] stop for zooming. [01:27:00] ROV moves forward upslope. [01:28:00] [5] Vertical carbonate transitioning into steeply sloping carbonate, sometimes layered. This is sparsely encrusted mostly with encrusting sponges and serpulids. Various types of anemone are also present. Cidaris cidaris is one of the dominant species visible, associated with the sand veneer. Rare cobbles again host P. squamatus. [01:35:00] a couple of large broken carbonate crust boulders preceed another layered slope with many broken carbonate rocks. [01:38:00] [6] A higher cliff of vertical carbonate hosts the overhang/escarpment community seen on other dives, here dominated by pink/purple anemones (OTU478) and encrusting globose porifera (OTU75) along with a couple of small Lophelia pertusa colonies. The ROV stops to image a Bolocera tuediae anemone perched on a cobble at the top of this feature. [01:41:00] continue forwards. [01:42:00] [7] a small ledge marks the top of the escarpment with dense cobbles and boulders gradually thinning with the sand/mud veneer deepening. P. squamatus is particularly dense and urchins are common especially Araeosoma fenestratum. [01:45:00] [8] mud/sand with rare cobbles, the ROV proceeds forwards until [01:47:00] when it traverses left then stops. [01:49:00] the ROV reverses backwards again [01:51:00] [9] meeting the cobbles and boulders, then heading over the small ledge and losing sight of the seabed. [01:54:00] [10] The ROV moves through blue water until the END VIDEO A 14:23. The blue water transit continues until ~14:29 when the first OFOP records suggest the seabed is reacquired.
START VIDEO B [01:58:00]/14:35 [11] on the seabed in an area of patchy cobbles and boulders. The ROV stays stationary, zooming until [02:01:00] when it starts moving right. A. fenestratum is the most abundant urchin species occupying intermediate sediment patches . [02:03:00] ROV starts moving forwards now over dense cobbles and boulders with P. squamatus, [00:12:00] reaching the carbonate crust/cobble/boulder region. [02:12:00] [12] Vertical carbonate again is sparsely encrusted transitioning to a steep sloping/layered carbonate with a few mixed anemone species too. [02:22:00] [13] The top vertical carbonate cliff is again dominated by the pink/purple anemone (OTU478) and encrusting globose porifera (OTU75). [02:24:00] [14] the small shelf topped with cobbles and boulders again marks the top of the escarpment, and [02:28:00] [15] transitions to sand/mud with sparse epifauna, most notably the Actiniidae anemones akin to a sand-dwelling Bolocera (OTU41). END VIDEO B [02:30:00]/15:10.
Progression | Start | Duration | Code | Name |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | [00:00:00] | 00:13:33 | M.AtMB.Sa.UrcCom | Urchin dominated community on Atlantic mid bathyal sand |
11 | [00:00:00] | 00:14:08 | M.AtMB.Ro.SpaEnc.PsoAno | Psolus squamatus, Anomiidae, serpulid polychaetes and Munida on Atlantic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
12 | [00:14:09] | 00:10:31 | M.AtUB.Ro.SpaEnc | Sparse encrusting community on Atlantic upper bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
3 | [00:14:33] | 00:44:59 | M.AtMB.Sa.UrcCom | Urchin dominated community on Atlantic mid bathyal sand |
13 | [00:24:41] | 00:01:58 | M.AtUB.Ro.MixCor | Mixed cold water coral community on Atlantic upper bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
14 | [00:26:40] | 00:03:21 | M.AtMB.Ro.SpaEnc.PsoAno | Psolus squamatus, Anomiidae, serpulid polychaetes and Munida on Atlantic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
15 | [00:30:02] | 00:05:39 | M.AtUB.Mu | Atlantic upper bathyal mud |
4 | [00:59:33] | 00:28:52 | M.AtMB.Ro.SpaEnc.PsoAno | Psolus squamatus, Anomiidae, serpulid polychaetes and Munida on Atlantic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
5 | [01:28:26] | 00:09:45 | M.AtUB.Ro.SpaEnc | Sparse encrusting community on Atlantic upper bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
6 | [01:38:12] | 00:04:00 | M.AtUB.Ro.MixCor | Mixed cold water coral community on Atlantic upper bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
7 | [01:42:13] | 00:03:25 | M.AtMB.Ro.SpaEnc.PsoAno | Psolus squamatus, Anomiidae, serpulid polychaetes and Munida on Atlantic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
8 | [01:45:39] | 00:05:39 | M.AtUB.Mu | Atlantic upper bathyal mud |
9 | [01:51:19] | 00:02:09 | M.AtMB.Ro.SpaEnc.PsoAno | Psolus squamatus, Anomiidae, serpulid polychaetes and Munida on Atlantic mid bathyal rock and other hard substrata |
Porifera
Porifera encrusting (black/red) : 118 : R
Porifera encrusting globose (pale) : 75 : O
Porifera encrusting sp. 1 (white) : 1 : O
Porifera encrusting sp. 10 (yellow) : 30 : R
Porifera lamellate (escarpment) : 1101 : R
Blue Porifera encrusting : 800 : R
Cnidaria
Cerianthidae sp. 1 : 2 : O
Pachycerianthus multiplicatus : 458 : R
Actiniaria sp. 1 : 4 : R
Actiniaria sp. 13 (pink/purple) : 478 : R
Actiniaria sp. 20 : 605 : O
Actiniaria sp. 24 : 907 : R
cf. Edwardsiidae/ Halcampoididae/ Haloclavidae : 400 : R
Bolocera tuediae : 12 : R
Actiniidae sp. (sand Bolocera) : 41 : F
Halcampoididae sp. 1 : 23 : O
Phelliactis sp. 1 : 255 : R
Corallimorphidae sp. 1 : 39 : O
Corallimorphidae sp. 2 : 43 : R
Caryophyllia sp. 2 : 6 : R
Desmophyllum cf. dianthus : 335 : R
Lophelia pertusa : 250 : O
Madrepora oculata : 251 : O
Epizoanthus sp. 1 (Paguridae associated) : 317 : R
Anthomastus grandiflorus : 278 : R
Pliobothrus sp. : 207 : R
Scyphozoa (indet.) : 1134 : R
Annelida
Bonellia viridis : 267 : R
Serpulidae sp. 1 : 106 : O
Arthropoda
Paromola cuvieri : 304 : O
Munida sarsi : 200 : R
Paguridae sp. : 205 : R
Caridea (indet.) : 1077 : R
Cirripedia sp. 1 : 82 : R
Mollusca
Colus sp. : 113 : R
Anomiidae sp. 1 : 32 : F
Bryozoa
Reteporella sp. : 204 : O
Echinodermata
Crinoidea sp. 1 : 131 : R
Brisingidae sp. : 274 : O
Stichastrella rosea : 198 : R
Ceramaster/Peltaster/Plinthaster sp. 2 : 388 : O
Echinus sp. : 445 : R
Cidaris cidaris : 211 : F
Araeosoma fenestratum : 188 : F
Psolus squamatus : 252 : F
Chordata
Centrophorus squamosus : 1048 : O
Chimaera monstrosa : 265 : R
Hydrolagus cf. mirabilis : 1024 : R
Synaphobranchus kaupii : 440 : F
Merlangius melangus : 1019 : O
Brosme brosme : 258 : O
Nezumia aequalis : 1003 : R
Coelorinchus caelorhincus : 303 : R
Coryphaenoides rupestris : 566 : R
Lepidion eques : 249 : O
Mora moro : 349 : O
Phycis blennoides : 1020 : R
Polyacanthonotus rissoanus : 552 : R
cf. Rouleina attrita : 1074 : R
Epigonus telescopus : 1018 : R
Aphanopus carbo : 1097 : R
Helicolenus dactylopterus : 227 : O
Actinopterygii sp. 3 : 930 : R
Number of species = 63
© Marine Institute, MERC Consultants, Bernard Picton 2022